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The adoption of sustainable techniques in the built environment has swept the building industry. The social aspect is one of the three pillars of sustainability. Its core tenet is to increase human life quality by maintaining security. Due to the significant risks connected with construction and the unavoidability of employer-hazard relationships, security methods should be established to prevent accidents and injuries and thereby achieve this goal. Security measures are considered in this chapter as a crucial indication of a long-term project's viability. It considers security measures in terms of staff health and safety on building sites in comparison to end-user safety.

The purpose of this chapter is to discuss operational performance as a tool for construction project success. Specifically, the chapter examines important aspects such as the definition and meaning of operational performance, operational performance objectives, operational performance indicators and the key points to increasing operational performance. This chapter emphasises the importance of operational performance in business as it plays vital role in other aspects of business or company's variables. It concludes that investment in the improvement of operational performance is very important to any successful business. The essence of operational performance is to identify problems and provide solutions to them. It is essential to know that every difficulty that is encounter in business should be picture as a chance to become better. On this note, a mentality that embraces continual improvement should be taken graciously and adopted in order to make sure that a company continue to plan for the future.

In construction, stakeholders engagement is viewed from two major perspectives: management perspective and ethical perspective. Management perspective deals with capturing of information, increase in responsibility of the property by users, minimising conflict and support innovation while ethical perspective deals with decision-making for both inclusive and local, promote equity and build social capital. Apart from the two major view, stakeholder's engagement can also be viewed from another angle, which is social learning perspective. Social learning is an area where different stakeholders have the same place for discussion, acquiring of each other's values, agree on their own values and generate mutual objectives. Stakeholders make use of dialogue to create consciousness, changing of attitude and affect behaviours. Stakeholders' engagement are majorly viewed from either management perspective or ethical perspective but not from both perspectives. For us to achieve sustainability, there is need for an approach that will bring the two major perspective together.

There has been a substantial growth in the construction industry in the last decades. However, as this sector grows, there is also a growth in its effects on the environment. Owing to this fact, professionals in the sector are promoting practice focusing on how these environmental impacts caused by construction activities can be reduced to the barest minimum during and after construction. This study focuses on the environmental performance of construction projects with the goal of mitigating the negative environmental impacts of building construction. In this chapter, the environmental performance characteristics, forms of pollution that cause these environmental difficulties and the relevance of sustainable construction were not overlooked.

The sustainability of construction projects has become something of great importance particularly in this era where the natural habitat is going into extinction. The growth in the world population, and series of changes as well as scarcity of resources created a number of environmental and social challenges to the world. Therefore, the concept of sustainability remains the much awaited hope. Companies, corporate bodies as well as national and international organisations are gradually succumbing to pressure to incorporate sustainability considerations into their project decision-making process. This chapter therefore examines the activities of construction industries in connection with sustainability activities in the industry. Different steps to be taken to achieve sustainability in the construction projects as well as the importance of sustainability in construction projects were discussed.

Functionality as a measure of project performance encompasses definitions across literature, relevance and essentiality in construction as the industry moves towards sustainable construction. Functionality in this section shows details in social functionality, as well as functionalities expressed in assessing, implementing project performance within set out target and goal. Furthermore, for functionality to be truly experienced in construction, many factors have to be gotten right. One of such is decision making that tends towards standard expatiated in the contract agreed without compromising budget, performance, collaboration, health and safety, communication, profit, satisfaction, quality, project cost, profitability among others.

Sustainable building development involves several stakeholders, team participants and their fulfilment can affect the performance and outcome of succeeding construction development. The effect of the individual or human component is one of the most desperate reasons for the realisation of any progress in the building sector. Organisations are developing an increasing number of project teams to meet diverse organisational goals as they acknowledge the value and importance of project teams. However, in order to ensure that the project team achieves positive results, management, particularly the project manager, must focus on crucial elements such as team satisfaction. Project success can be influenced by team satisfaction. The project leader usually oversees and manages the team, organising and managing project activities between stakeholders and other team members. The study found that gratitude, enhanced morale, increased responsibility, putting in extra effort and job quality are all reasons why team satisfaction might affect a construction project's success.

Adoption of sustainability principles is crucial for construction project delivery, and various parameters are being used as a yardstick for its measurement. This chapter discusses profit as one of the parameters used to determine the success of a sustainable construction project. It explains such issues as the nature and important of construction industry and its product (construction project), meaning of sustainable construction as well as meaning of profit and what its entails in construction. It reviews the value of profit as a measure of success for a construction project and also encourages the need for planning and analysis of all activities involved on a construction project in relation to its environment so as to validate the profit as a measure of project success.

Existing studies relating to value management in developing countries reveals that the Nigerian construction industry is also facing the challenge of not fully adopting value management practice into construction, let alone other sectors of the system. The introduction gives the correlation between sustainability and value management as techniques vital to the development of construction in Nigeria. The relative importance of value management is said to give an overview of the new advantages the practice brings to parties involved in an identified project concerned with using value management. Requirements, challenges and behavioural elements pertaining to value management in the Nigerian construction industry summarize the concerns with the application of value management in the country. The conclusion gives a general summary of the elements highlighted throughout this research.

Ecological economics is a multidisciplinary endeavour to connect the social sciences and nature in general. It also connects aspects of ecology and economics to a particular understanding. The created concept centred on the mission to acquire a more advanced albeit better scientific understanding of the complex interconnections between humans, animals and the rest of nature. This is driven towards utilising the obtained knowledge to establish policies that will lead to a more environmentally sustainable world, with a fair resource distribution (both across human groups and generations, as well as between humans, the environment and other species), and also efficiently allocates limited resources such as ‘natural’ and ‘social’ capital. This practice necessitates the development of new methodologies that are comprehensive, adaptive, integrative, multi-scale, pluralistic and evolutionary, while also acknowledging the enormous uncertainties involved.